22. Berge, N., S. Celestin, M. B. Garnung, W. Xu, R. A. Marshall, and S. A. Cummber (2022), Modeling low-frequency radio emissions from Terrestrial Gamma ray flashes sources, J. Geophys. Res. Atmospheres, 127, e2021JD036040.
21. Xu, W., R. A. Marshall, A. Kero, and A. Sousa (2021), Chemical response of the upper atmosphere due to lightning-induced electron precipitation, J. Geophys. Res. Atmospheres, 126, e2021JD034914.
20. Xu, W., R. A. Marshall, J. Bortnik, and J. Bonnell (2021), An Electron Density Model of the D-and E-region Ionosphere for Transionospheric VLF Propagation, J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics, 126, e2021JA029288.
19. Xu, W., R. A. Marshall, and W. K. Tobiska (2021). A Method for Calculating Atmospheric Radiation Produced by Relativistic Electron Precipitation, Space Weather, 19, e2021SW002735, doi:10.1029/2021SW002735.
18. Lyu, Fanchao, J. Yang, B. Zhu, D. Li, S. Xiong, F. Liu, W. Xu, G. Lu, H. Zhang (2020), Terrestrial gamma-ray flashes as the high-energy effect of tropospheric thunderstorms in near-Earth space, Scientia Sinica Physica, Mechanica & Astronomica, 50(12), 129506.
17. Xu, W., R. A. Marshall, H. N. Tyssøy, and X. Fang (2020), A generalized method for calculating atmospheric ionization by energetic electron precipitation, J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics, 125, e2020JA028482, doi:10.1029/2020JA028482.
16. Marshall, R. A., W. Xu, T. Woods, C. Cully, A. Jaynes, C. Randall, D. Baker, M. McCarthy, H. E. Spencef, G. Berland, A.Wolda, E. Davis (2020), The AEPEX Mission: Imaging Energetic Particle Precipitation in the Atmosphere through its Bremsstrahlung X-ray Signatures, Adv. Space Res., 66, 66–82, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2020.03.003.
15. Marshall, R. A., W. Xu*, A. Sousa, M. McCarthy, and R. Millan (2019), X-ray Signatures of Lightning-induced Electron Precipitation, J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics, 124, 10230–10245, doi:10.1029/2019JA027044.
14. Xu, W., S. Celestin, V. P. Pasko, and R. A. Marshall (2019), Compton Scattering Effects on the Spectral and Temporal Properties of Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes, J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics, 124, 7220–7230, doi:10.1029/2019JA026941.
13. Mailyan, B. G., W. Xu*, S. Celestin, M. S. Briggs, J. R. Dwyer, E. S. Cramer et al. (2019), Analysis of individual terrestrial gamma-ray flashes with lightning leader models and Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor data, J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics, 124, 7170–7183, doi:10.1029/019JA026912.
12. Xu, W. and R. A. Marshall (2019), Characteristics of Energetic Electron Precipitation Estimated from Simulated Bremsstrahlung X-ray Distributions, J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics, 124, 2831–2843, doi:10.1029/2018JA026273.
11. Xu, W., R. A. Marshall, A. Kero, E. Turunen, D. Drob, J. Sojka, and D. Rice (2019), VLF Measurements and Modeling of the D-region Response to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 57, 10, doi:10.1109/TGRS.2019.2914920.
10. Marshall, R. A., W. Xu, A. Kero, R. Kabirzadeh, and E. Sanchez (2019), Atmospheric effects of a relativistic electron beam injected from above: chemistry, electrodynamics, and radio scattering, Front. Astron. Space Sci., 6, 6, doi:10.3389/fspas.2019.00006.
9. Xu, W., R. A. Marshall, X. Fang, E. Turunen, and A. Kero (2018), On the Effects of Bremsstrahlung Radiation during Energetic Electron Precipitation, Geophys. Res. Lett., 45, 1167–1176, doi:10.1002/20- 17GL076510.
8. Xu, W., R. A. Marshall, S. Celestin, and V. P. Pasko (2017), Modeling of X-ray Images and Energy Spectra Produced by Stepping Lightning Leaders, J. Geophys. Res. Atmospheres, 42, 122, 11776–11786, doi:10.1002/2016JD026410.
7. Xu, W., S. Celestin, V. P. Pasko, and R. A. Marshall (2017), A novel type of transient luminous event produced by terrestrial gamma-ray flashes, Geophys. Res. Lett., 44, 2571–2578, doi:10.1002/2016GL07- 2400.
6. Celestin, S., W. Xu, and V. P. Pasko (2015), Variability in fluence and spectrum of high-energy photon bursts produced by lightning discharges, J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics, 120, 10,712–10,723, doi:10.1002/2015JA021410.
5. Xu, W., S. Celestin, and V. P. Pasko (2015), Optical emissions associated with energetic electrons produced by stepping leaders in cloud-to-ground lightning discharges, Geophys. Res. Lett., 42, 5610–5616, doi:10.1002/2015GL064419.
4. Xu, W., S. Celestin, and V. P. Pasko (2015), Optical emissions associated with terrestrial gamma ray flashes, J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics, 120, 1355–1370, doi:10.1002/2014JA020425.
3. Xu, W., S. Celestin, and V. P. Pasko (2014), Modeling of X-ray emissions produced by stepping lightning leaders, Geophys. Res. Lett., 41, 7406–7412, doi:10.1002/2014GL061163.
2. Xu, W., S. Celestin, and V. P. Pasko (2012), Source altitudes of Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes produced by lightning leaders, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L08801, doi:10.1029/2012GL051351.
1. Celestin, S., W. Xu, and V. P. Pasko (2012), Terrestrial gamma-ray flashes with energies up to 100 MeV produced by non-equilibrium acceleration of electrons in lightning, J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics, 117, A05315, doi:10.1029/2012JA017535.